Man proposed a trip
To outer space, one day
He planned the course
And mapped the charts
And all began to say
I wonder if ? someday in time
Man can reach the moon
To see what God has planned in space
I hope it will be soon
In time the dream that man proposed
Became reality
Astronauts went up in space
To see what God could see.
To think that by our sacrifice
We helped to fund this plan
The TV and the radio
Could show it all to man.
For seven years, the question
Frustrations and the tears
The program was successful
And seemed to calm men?s fears
But then one day we watch the screen
To see this shot in space
Before Men?s very anxious eyes
The Challenger erased.
God proposed a trip for man
Before all time began
And from this earth he molded him
A new love now began.
From Adam?s side a woman friend
Was planned there from the start
A program of creation
was joined by God?s own heart.
In our atomic age of space
When man explores unknown
He enters into woman?s womb
Destroys a child that?s known
Yes! Known by God, since time began
Who made the outer space
So if we fund abortion
We ought to hide our face.
Wednesday, November 18, 2009
WILLIAM SHAKESPERE
All the world's a stage,
And all the men and women merely players:
They have their exits and their entrances;
And one man in his time plays many parts,
His acts being seven ages. At first the infant,
Mewling and puking in the nurse's arms.
And then the whining school-boy, with his satchel
And shining morning face, creeping like snail
Unwillingly to school. And then the lover,
Sighing like furnace, with a woeful ballad
Made to his mistress' eyebrow. Then a soldier,
Full of strange oaths and bearded like the pard,
Jealous in honour, sudden and quick in quarrel,
Seeking the bubble reputation
Even in the cannon's mouth. And then the justice,
In fair round belly with good capon lined,
With eyes severe and beard of formal cut,
Full of wise saws and modern instances;
And so he plays his part. The sixth age shifts
Into the lean and slipper'd pantaloon,
With spectacles on nose and pouch on side,
His youthful hose, well saved, a world too wide
For his shrunk shank; and his big manly voice,
Turning again toward childish treble, pipes
And whistles in his sound. Last scene of all,
That ends this strange eventful history,
Is second childishness and mere oblivion,
Sans teeth, sans eyes, sans taste, sans everything
And all the men and women merely players:
They have their exits and their entrances;
And one man in his time plays many parts,
His acts being seven ages. At first the infant,
Mewling and puking in the nurse's arms.
And then the whining school-boy, with his satchel
And shining morning face, creeping like snail
Unwillingly to school. And then the lover,
Sighing like furnace, with a woeful ballad
Made to his mistress' eyebrow. Then a soldier,
Full of strange oaths and bearded like the pard,
Jealous in honour, sudden and quick in quarrel,
Seeking the bubble reputation
Even in the cannon's mouth. And then the justice,
In fair round belly with good capon lined,
With eyes severe and beard of formal cut,
Full of wise saws and modern instances;
And so he plays his part. The sixth age shifts
Into the lean and slipper'd pantaloon,
With spectacles on nose and pouch on side,
His youthful hose, well saved, a world too wide
For his shrunk shank; and his big manly voice,
Turning again toward childish treble, pipes
And whistles in his sound. Last scene of all,
That ends this strange eventful history,
Is second childishness and mere oblivion,
Sans teeth, sans eyes, sans taste, sans everything
Tuesday, November 17, 2009
THE WORLD OF WORDS
Words have a curious life of their own. Some of them rise in reputation, some are pushed into oblivion while others experience an irreversible downfall; gravitational force seems to be at work in their world too!!! The fate of words is just as unpredictable as that of human beings. No sensible person would attempt detailing the story of all words in an article. Assuming that I belong to the world of those sensible people I’m here going to tell you the life history of a few words that I have selected in an arbitrary manner.
Most often words acquire a derogatory meaning in the course of time, which is a sad commentary on the human psyche. These words have fallen into disrepute, thanks to the vagaries of the human mind.
The word villain, for instance, had an inoffensive meaning in the initial stages of its existence. In the early days of manorial system the word merely denoted a labourer. Two hundred years later it came to be associated with the gross manners of a lowly labourer and later on came to mean a perpetrator of evil because it was thought that a person in the lower rung of the social ladder lacked probity! Words that have suffered a similar fate are churl (from the root ceorl meaning countryman) and boor (from the Dutch word boer meaning peasant)
To a person living in 1400 AD stink and lust carried no pejorative meaning; they only meant smell and desire. Similarly the word doom meant judgment to the Britishers of the 14th century. This sense of the word is retained in the verb deem derived from the above-mentioned word. Would you believe that lewd originally meant "unlearned" or "ignorant" and that silly meant happy and then happened to have a changeover in meaning? While patriotism has a positive meaning its actual equivalent term nationalism has been attributed negative connotations for no good reason.
Words also have had the problem of mistaken identity. The word demean meant to conduct but due to the mistaken idea that it was connected with the adjective mean it happened to acquire the present meaning; and pester has come to have the present meaning through an etymological stumble making it seem to have come from pest. The word pester, before the twist in its meaning took place, meant to entangle.
Some people have been immortalized in the world of words but not very much to their liking. News of the kind of existence they have in the realm of words would make them squirm in their graves. The word dunce comes from the medieval philosopher Duns Scotus, whose adversaries were of the opinion that his work was insipid; gradually the word came to mean a wooden headed person, in other words, a fathead: boycott originates from Captain Boycott who was agent for the Irish estates of a certain English peer about the year 1880. He was notorious for his harsh treatment of the tenants; the Irish tenants planned to have him removed through a planned strike against him. This mode of treatment came to be known as boycott.
The word spoonerism has the most interesting history of all words. It comes from Spooner who is known for his speech defect of misplacing the first letters of words. When Spooner addressed a gathering of farmers he called them "tons of soil" and to a student who missed his history classes he said in an angry tone, " you hissed my mistory classes". It is said that in a conversation he called the well-known two-wheeled vehicle a "well boiled icicle" and a friend’s cottage as a "nosy little cook". He is also said to have talked about "tearful chidings". Spoonerism later came to be a generic term for such a speech defect. The Count de Sade is responsible for the existence of the word sadism; the sense of opprobrium that his name suggested due to his misdeeds continues to live on in this word.
And then there was a distinguished Roman general called Lucullus who was well known for his love of lavishness and opulence rather than anything else. Once when his servant had cooked unexceptional food because there was no guest the angry Lucullus said "dost thou not know that today Lucullus dines with Lucullus?" Hence lavishness has come to be equated with this Roman general in the word Lucullan.
Finally there is Eros, the Greek god of love (fortunately his name has not been associated with any negative overtones) who is however not as popular as the Roman god of love, Cupid. Words such as erotic come from this god of love. One interesting thing about Eros is that if you rearrange the letters you will get the word rose. Is that why lovers exchange roses? Probably yes.
So far we have seen how, in the case of many words, we human beings have contributed our mite to make the lives of words miserable. The situation can be reversed sometimes. For instance, if you look at a person’s face and say that his/ her face is appalling instead of using the word appealing (deliberately or accidentally, whichever is the case) imagine what your plight would be; what else? You will end up with black eye!
Most often words acquire a derogatory meaning in the course of time, which is a sad commentary on the human psyche. These words have fallen into disrepute, thanks to the vagaries of the human mind.
The word villain, for instance, had an inoffensive meaning in the initial stages of its existence. In the early days of manorial system the word merely denoted a labourer. Two hundred years later it came to be associated with the gross manners of a lowly labourer and later on came to mean a perpetrator of evil because it was thought that a person in the lower rung of the social ladder lacked probity! Words that have suffered a similar fate are churl (from the root ceorl meaning countryman) and boor (from the Dutch word boer meaning peasant)
To a person living in 1400 AD stink and lust carried no pejorative meaning; they only meant smell and desire. Similarly the word doom meant judgment to the Britishers of the 14th century. This sense of the word is retained in the verb deem derived from the above-mentioned word. Would you believe that lewd originally meant "unlearned" or "ignorant" and that silly meant happy and then happened to have a changeover in meaning? While patriotism has a positive meaning its actual equivalent term nationalism has been attributed negative connotations for no good reason.
Words also have had the problem of mistaken identity. The word demean meant to conduct but due to the mistaken idea that it was connected with the adjective mean it happened to acquire the present meaning; and pester has come to have the present meaning through an etymological stumble making it seem to have come from pest. The word pester, before the twist in its meaning took place, meant to entangle.
Some people have been immortalized in the world of words but not very much to their liking. News of the kind of existence they have in the realm of words would make them squirm in their graves. The word dunce comes from the medieval philosopher Duns Scotus, whose adversaries were of the opinion that his work was insipid; gradually the word came to mean a wooden headed person, in other words, a fathead: boycott originates from Captain Boycott who was agent for the Irish estates of a certain English peer about the year 1880. He was notorious for his harsh treatment of the tenants; the Irish tenants planned to have him removed through a planned strike against him. This mode of treatment came to be known as boycott.
The word spoonerism has the most interesting history of all words. It comes from Spooner who is known for his speech defect of misplacing the first letters of words. When Spooner addressed a gathering of farmers he called them "tons of soil" and to a student who missed his history classes he said in an angry tone, " you hissed my mistory classes". It is said that in a conversation he called the well-known two-wheeled vehicle a "well boiled icicle" and a friend’s cottage as a "nosy little cook". He is also said to have talked about "tearful chidings". Spoonerism later came to be a generic term for such a speech defect. The Count de Sade is responsible for the existence of the word sadism; the sense of opprobrium that his name suggested due to his misdeeds continues to live on in this word.
And then there was a distinguished Roman general called Lucullus who was well known for his love of lavishness and opulence rather than anything else. Once when his servant had cooked unexceptional food because there was no guest the angry Lucullus said "dost thou not know that today Lucullus dines with Lucullus?" Hence lavishness has come to be equated with this Roman general in the word Lucullan.
Finally there is Eros, the Greek god of love (fortunately his name has not been associated with any negative overtones) who is however not as popular as the Roman god of love, Cupid. Words such as erotic come from this god of love. One interesting thing about Eros is that if you rearrange the letters you will get the word rose. Is that why lovers exchange roses? Probably yes.
So far we have seen how, in the case of many words, we human beings have contributed our mite to make the lives of words miserable. The situation can be reversed sometimes. For instance, if you look at a person’s face and say that his/ her face is appalling instead of using the word appealing (deliberately or accidentally, whichever is the case) imagine what your plight would be; what else? You will end up with black eye!
SECULARISM IN INDIA
Secularism is a much-discussed word in India and it never fails to evoke the strongest of reactions from all concerned. This is only partially due to the strange political realities obtaining in our country, contrary to the popular notion that it has been contrived by political operators. It must be understood that nothing can be contrived for which some previous background does not exist—very rarely have political issues been totally ‘manufactured’ or whipped out of a conjuror’s hat, that too such emotive ones. For example, if the Ayodhya issue were simply the creation of a few power-hungry netas, it would not have drawn millions of kar sevaks to the ‘disputed structure’ in December 1992. Such an eminent litterateur as V. S. Naipaul would not antagonize a sizable section of his readership by trying to rationalize what had happened at Ayodhya on 6th December, 1992, had he considered it to be merely a power game. The moral: the entire concept of secularism in India is different from that in the West, its connotations there being administration-oriented and not paradigmatic, as is the case here.
In India, we are told, there was complete communal harmony before the British had arrived—at least that is what the Nehruvian academic establishment would have us believe. Communal disharmony, some historians would have us believe, is an offshoot or fallout of the divisive policies of the Raj—‘divide and rule’, Hindu/Muslim appeasement, initiating the policy of reservations and quotas et al. However, this approach towards forging inter-communal ties has been patently unsuccessful, given the plethora of examples for the unease in Hindu-Muslim relations in India. It is the lesson of history that it cannot be wished away or negated. This is precisely what was happening in India all these decades, as Koenraad Elst shows in his controversial book Negationism in India: Concealing the Record of Islam. Despite there being a tremendous scope of disagreeing with a lot of what he extrapolates, it is difficult to refute concrete historical evidence, and that too, exhaustively over determined.
Thus, it is perhaps more advisable to exorcise the past than to conceal it, for concealment leads to putrefaction and, in the case of past deeds/misdeeds, exaggeration and rumour - mongering. This is made clear at the time of communal riots, the conflagrations of which are fed by the rumour mills. Often, it is that the rumour is much more horrible than the actual deed, and it adds grist to the mill of vengeance and retaliation. In order to prevent this, it is necessary that people have ‘perfect information’ and can form their opinions based on true knowledge. The best way to achieve national integration is to build bridges of truth and reconciliation between them, as opposed to those of negation, false certification and subterfuge. This would eat into the basic premises of communalism and deprive it of its raison d’être, thus freeing society of the baggage of the past in a just and effective way.
However, it must also to be noted that the Indian State is not truly ‘secular’, for all its claims, protestations and displays of righteous indignation. An ‘absolutely’ secular State may not adorn official ceremonies with quasi-religious trappings, and when coconuts are broken during the launch of warships and government-aided campaigns—be they for bringing about universal literacy or vaccination—the secular credentials of the State are in question. Indian etatiste secularism is best described as ‘haphazard’, displaying a crass insensitivity to the feelings of both the majority and minority communities. The customs and traditions of our great systems of belief, viz., Hinduism, Buddhism, Jainism, Sikhism, Christianity and Islam, have been trivialized by the over-zealous manoeuvres of our stridently secular State. When the beliefs and ways of millions of people are treated, with the utmost cynicism, as mere tricks of electoral politics, it not only casts doubts on the secular credentials of the State, but also highlights its callousness towards the emotional intelligence and well-being of its citizens.
In conclusion, it appears that secularism in India is, to quote a Bengali adage—a stone bowl of gold (sonar pathorbati)! Whereas the Constitution enjoins us to disjoin religion from politics and administration, it will be progressively more difficult to require this of certain classes of our society. When aspirations and militancy mingle, they make a deadly combination; frustration only aggravates the situation and hastens the eventual fait accompli. The so-called lower strata of society cannot be controlled much longer; in the absence of opportunities commensurate with talent and/or qualifications they will, in general, vent their frustration in agitative and confrontational politics, be it of the Right or the Left. Given the present trend, it is likelier that they will veer towards the Right, which in India carries the baggage of cultural/Hindu nationalism. This leaves the way clear for all pessimists, but if the proponents of Hindutva could use this their moment in history effectively and intelligently, India’s past could truly be exorcised. All else, including the economy, would then be just fine!
In India, we are told, there was complete communal harmony before the British had arrived—at least that is what the Nehruvian academic establishment would have us believe. Communal disharmony, some historians would have us believe, is an offshoot or fallout of the divisive policies of the Raj—‘divide and rule’, Hindu/Muslim appeasement, initiating the policy of reservations and quotas et al. However, this approach towards forging inter-communal ties has been patently unsuccessful, given the plethora of examples for the unease in Hindu-Muslim relations in India. It is the lesson of history that it cannot be wished away or negated. This is precisely what was happening in India all these decades, as Koenraad Elst shows in his controversial book Negationism in India: Concealing the Record of Islam. Despite there being a tremendous scope of disagreeing with a lot of what he extrapolates, it is difficult to refute concrete historical evidence, and that too, exhaustively over determined.
Thus, it is perhaps more advisable to exorcise the past than to conceal it, for concealment leads to putrefaction and, in the case of past deeds/misdeeds, exaggeration and rumour - mongering. This is made clear at the time of communal riots, the conflagrations of which are fed by the rumour mills. Often, it is that the rumour is much more horrible than the actual deed, and it adds grist to the mill of vengeance and retaliation. In order to prevent this, it is necessary that people have ‘perfect information’ and can form their opinions based on true knowledge. The best way to achieve national integration is to build bridges of truth and reconciliation between them, as opposed to those of negation, false certification and subterfuge. This would eat into the basic premises of communalism and deprive it of its raison d’être, thus freeing society of the baggage of the past in a just and effective way.
However, it must also to be noted that the Indian State is not truly ‘secular’, for all its claims, protestations and displays of righteous indignation. An ‘absolutely’ secular State may not adorn official ceremonies with quasi-religious trappings, and when coconuts are broken during the launch of warships and government-aided campaigns—be they for bringing about universal literacy or vaccination—the secular credentials of the State are in question. Indian etatiste secularism is best described as ‘haphazard’, displaying a crass insensitivity to the feelings of both the majority and minority communities. The customs and traditions of our great systems of belief, viz., Hinduism, Buddhism, Jainism, Sikhism, Christianity and Islam, have been trivialized by the over-zealous manoeuvres of our stridently secular State. When the beliefs and ways of millions of people are treated, with the utmost cynicism, as mere tricks of electoral politics, it not only casts doubts on the secular credentials of the State, but also highlights its callousness towards the emotional intelligence and well-being of its citizens.
In conclusion, it appears that secularism in India is, to quote a Bengali adage—a stone bowl of gold (sonar pathorbati)! Whereas the Constitution enjoins us to disjoin religion from politics and administration, it will be progressively more difficult to require this of certain classes of our society. When aspirations and militancy mingle, they make a deadly combination; frustration only aggravates the situation and hastens the eventual fait accompli. The so-called lower strata of society cannot be controlled much longer; in the absence of opportunities commensurate with talent and/or qualifications they will, in general, vent their frustration in agitative and confrontational politics, be it of the Right or the Left. Given the present trend, it is likelier that they will veer towards the Right, which in India carries the baggage of cultural/Hindu nationalism. This leaves the way clear for all pessimists, but if the proponents of Hindutva could use this their moment in history effectively and intelligently, India’s past could truly be exorcised. All else, including the economy, would then be just fine!
VEDIC MATHS
What is this `Vedic Mathematics'? It is somewhat difficult to define as the very terminology is used only by a small set of authors and a handful of mathematicians. The purveyors of `Vedic Mathematics' are agreed, however, that the landmark work in this ``discipline'' is the text ``Vedic Mathematics'', written by Jagadguru Swami Sri Bharathi Krishna Tirthaji Maharaja, Sankaracharya of Govardhan Matha, Puri (he died in 1960) and published in 1965 (Jagadguru, 1965). It is instructive to examine this text in some detail. The title page has the interesting sub-title, ``Sixteen Simple Mathematical Formulae from the Vedas (For one-line answers to all Mathematical Problems).'' Passing through diverse prefatory remarks by various personalities (none of whom is a mathematician), we come to the author's preface, arranged in numbered paragraphs. After explaining the meaning of the word the `Veda'(paragraph 2), the author continues in the following vein (paragraph 3) :`` In other words, it connotes and implies that our ancient Indian Vedic lore should be all-round complete and perfect and able to throw the fullest necessary light on all matters which any aspiring seeker after knowledge can possibly seek to be enlightened on.'' In paragraph 9 the reader learns that ``we were agreeably astonished and intensely gratified to find that exceedingly tough mathematical problems (which the mathematically most advanced present day Western scientific world had spent huge lots of time , energy and money on and which even now it solves with the utmost difficulty ...) can be easily and readily solved with the help of these ultra-easy Vedic Sutras ...contained in the Parisista (the Appendix-portion) of the Atharvaveda in a few simple steps and by methods which can be conscientiously described as mere mental arithmetic.''
Having informed us that he has regularly lectured on the subject at Nagpur University (paragraph 11), the author unfolds his `revolutionary' findings in paragraph 14 (vi): ``As regards the time required by the students for mastering the whole course of Vedic mathematics as applied to all its branches, we need merely state from our actual experience that 8 months (or 12 months) at an average rate of 2 or 3 hours per day should suffice for completing the whole course of mathematical studies on these Vedic lines instead of 15 or 20 years required according to the existing systems of the Indian and also of foreign universities.''
After all this introduction, we find inside the book mathematics of the middle and high school level, where the emphasis is throughout on a series of tricks (whose origins are explained) to solve various problems: for example, faster ways of dividing, multiplying and factorising numbers, and ways of dealing with problems in conics . Some readers may find the book diverting; some of the methods described may be actually be useful somewhere in school teaching (though this needs detailed investigation). The real issue, however, is not so much the level of the contents as the additional philosophical baggage that is provided. How are we to take the assertion that the Vedas provide the answers to all questions of mathematics? Is there any scientific sense in which a particular body of knowledge can be said to contain the answer to all questions of mathematics? The contents of the book seem far-removed from this goal; comprising as they do elementary mathematics; even the list provided of the subjects intended to be dealt with by the author in later volumes (which were never published) does not rise above this level.
In fact, mathematics from the high school level indisputably requires material that cannot be provided by the `Vedic' or for that matter `Islamic', `Greek', or `Babylonian'. Modern mathematical teaching requires considerable input that cannot be traced back to antiquity. The book ``Vedic Mathematics,'' seeks constantly to prove the superiority of various methods to those used in the ``Western'' methods, the reference point often being English texts long fallen out of use, presumably dating to the author's youth. Nor is the book of any use in studying the history of mathematics in India; it is simply unequal to the task.
What, in fact, is ``Vedic'' about the mathematics set out in the book? Some of the examples cited are already well known to historians and adequately described elsewhere. As for the appendices to the Atharvaveda, the alleged source of the Vedic mathematical riches described in the book, they appear to be totally non-existent. No authoritative edition of the text of the Atharvaveda contains the appendices referred to. The game is given away in the General Editor's Foreword, where it is noted that these ``appendices'' are not part of the established texts but should be regarded as new and the `discovery' of the author himself! The General Editor also notes that the style of language makes it clear that the `appendices' are the author's own discovery and that the book should be judged on its own merits - where of course the book fails miserably from the standpoint of science.
Despite its absurd claims and transparently bogus status, Jagad-guru Swami's book became the focus of a National Workshop on Vedic Mathematics held at Jaipur in March 1988 by the Rashtriya Veda Vidya Pratishthan and various other Government bodies and universities. The proceedings were published as ``Issues in Vedic Mathematics'' (Khare, 1991). The seminar enjoyed the official patronage of the Ministry of Human Resource Development and the objectives of the seminar were spelt out in a letter to all participants by the Special Secretary, Department of Education. The papers presented at the seminar scarcely rise above the level of the book that inspired them. There is much talk of applying the ``Vedic'' methods to developing algorithms for computers (some participants opt out and claim that these methods render calculators and computers redundant) and some of the articles indeed are, to put it charitably, nonsense from any scientific viewpoint. The seminar ends with recommendations to the Government: a second seminar to be held on VM, in which traditional and modern mathematicians are to study the introduction of VM at different levels; a committee to study the introduction of VM in schools; research in VM; multimedia strategies for awareness of VM; the Department of Electronics to be sounded out on VM applications to computer technology. One interesting whistle-blowing paper (Shukla, 1991, page 31) brings to light the fact that the Sankaracharya's book is not based on what is in the Vedas.
Having informed us that he has regularly lectured on the subject at Nagpur University (paragraph 11), the author unfolds his `revolutionary' findings in paragraph 14 (vi): ``As regards the time required by the students for mastering the whole course of Vedic mathematics as applied to all its branches, we need merely state from our actual experience that 8 months (or 12 months) at an average rate of 2 or 3 hours per day should suffice for completing the whole course of mathematical studies on these Vedic lines instead of 15 or 20 years required according to the existing systems of the Indian and also of foreign universities.''
After all this introduction, we find inside the book mathematics of the middle and high school level, where the emphasis is throughout on a series of tricks (whose origins are explained) to solve various problems: for example, faster ways of dividing, multiplying and factorising numbers, and ways of dealing with problems in conics . Some readers may find the book diverting; some of the methods described may be actually be useful somewhere in school teaching (though this needs detailed investigation). The real issue, however, is not so much the level of the contents as the additional philosophical baggage that is provided. How are we to take the assertion that the Vedas provide the answers to all questions of mathematics? Is there any scientific sense in which a particular body of knowledge can be said to contain the answer to all questions of mathematics? The contents of the book seem far-removed from this goal; comprising as they do elementary mathematics; even the list provided of the subjects intended to be dealt with by the author in later volumes (which were never published) does not rise above this level.
In fact, mathematics from the high school level indisputably requires material that cannot be provided by the `Vedic' or for that matter `Islamic', `Greek', or `Babylonian'. Modern mathematical teaching requires considerable input that cannot be traced back to antiquity. The book ``Vedic Mathematics,'' seeks constantly to prove the superiority of various methods to those used in the ``Western'' methods, the reference point often being English texts long fallen out of use, presumably dating to the author's youth. Nor is the book of any use in studying the history of mathematics in India; it is simply unequal to the task.
What, in fact, is ``Vedic'' about the mathematics set out in the book? Some of the examples cited are already well known to historians and adequately described elsewhere. As for the appendices to the Atharvaveda, the alleged source of the Vedic mathematical riches described in the book, they appear to be totally non-existent. No authoritative edition of the text of the Atharvaveda contains the appendices referred to. The game is given away in the General Editor's Foreword, where it is noted that these ``appendices'' are not part of the established texts but should be regarded as new and the `discovery' of the author himself! The General Editor also notes that the style of language makes it clear that the `appendices' are the author's own discovery and that the book should be judged on its own merits - where of course the book fails miserably from the standpoint of science.
Despite its absurd claims and transparently bogus status, Jagad-guru Swami's book became the focus of a National Workshop on Vedic Mathematics held at Jaipur in March 1988 by the Rashtriya Veda Vidya Pratishthan and various other Government bodies and universities. The proceedings were published as ``Issues in Vedic Mathematics'' (Khare, 1991). The seminar enjoyed the official patronage of the Ministry of Human Resource Development and the objectives of the seminar were spelt out in a letter to all participants by the Special Secretary, Department of Education. The papers presented at the seminar scarcely rise above the level of the book that inspired them. There is much talk of applying the ``Vedic'' methods to developing algorithms for computers (some participants opt out and claim that these methods render calculators and computers redundant) and some of the articles indeed are, to put it charitably, nonsense from any scientific viewpoint. The seminar ends with recommendations to the Government: a second seminar to be held on VM, in which traditional and modern mathematicians are to study the introduction of VM at different levels; a committee to study the introduction of VM in schools; research in VM; multimedia strategies for awareness of VM; the Department of Electronics to be sounded out on VM applications to computer technology. One interesting whistle-blowing paper (Shukla, 1991, page 31) brings to light the fact that the Sankaracharya's book is not based on what is in the Vedas.
is your computer slows down
1)Restrict what starts on startup! Does your computer start up very slowly? That is because you have lots of programs that start up whenever your computer starts up, most of which you probably don't want to, possibly even spyware and adware. Click on Start, then Run, and type "msconfig" (without the quotes" into the box, and press enter. Now, click on the startup tab. The only absolutely essential programs are: ScanRegistry, TaskMonitor, SystemTray, LoadPowerProfile, and your anti-virus and firewall software. There are other programs that you may want, so if there is anything that you aren't sure about, then type its name into Google. There are many websites that have a database of almost every task imaginable, and they will tell you what the program is, and whether you need it or not. After this, you will notice a very visible improvement next time you startup your PC. On a slightly related note, go to your Control Panel, click Add/Remove Programs, and uninstall anything that you need. You'd be amazed at how many programs you have that you never use, or could easily do without, that will free up disk space and improve computer performance.
2)Clean and optimize your registry! The registry is a very important part of a Windows computer, where essential system information is stored. Whenever you install a program, information is most likely added to the registry. When you uninstall a program, all of the information isn't usually removed. Spyware, adware, and other unwanted programs can also infect your registry. This is the main cause of error messages, blue screen errors, overall slowness, and even crashes. There is a very neat program called Registry Fix , which scans your registry for errors and repairs them. They offer a free trial that will just scan it for you and tell you what the problems are, and then for $37 you can purchase it and actually fix the errors. It it finds any errors, which is most cases will be in the hundreds, I would definitely recommend purchasing it, as the effect will definitely be visible. This is a awesome little program.
3)Defrag your hard drive! Everytime you use your hard drive (basically whenever you're using your computer!) files are getting all scattered about on your hard drive, which slows down the time it takes a file to open because it takes longer for your computer to find it. Windows has a built-in utility to do this, which can be found by going to My Computer, right clicking on the icon for your hard drive, going to Properties, clicking on the Tools tab, and then clicking on Defragment. This process will clean up your hard drive, by rearranging file storage and allowing files to be found more quickly. This can take a few hours, so you should run it overnight or before you leave for work, and it is suggested that you run it once per month.
4)Zap your spyware! Statistics show that almost all computers are infected with various forms of adware and spyware. There are programs out there, some free and some paid, that will scan and remove all traces of spy/adware that it can find. There are two free ones that I recommend, Adaware and Spybot . If you run these two and delete everything, you will definitely notice a difference, but they will not get everything. Personally, I run Adaware, Spybot, and XoftSpySE . It is very affordable, and I find when I use all three, each one finds stuff that the others do not, so its a great combination. The $30 certainly beats having to buy a new computer! Each of these programs are pretty self-explanatory, simply run each an delete everything that it finds, and you'll find your computer running a lot smoother.
5)Install anti-virus software and a firewall, run them, and keep them up-to-date! Its amazing the number of people who do not do this, and it really puts their computer in jeopardy. I remember a statistic that a Windows PC connected to the internet without a firewall usually becomes infected within 20 minutes. Don't be a statistic, its very easy to do, just keep your anti-virus and firewall software up-to-date. For anti-virus and firewall software, I use McAfee. If you are a Comcast high speed internet subscriber, you should be able to get these for free from Comcast.net. Otherwise, you could go to a local computer store or go to McAfee.com . Other popular anti-virus/firewall suites include Norton , and Trend Micro Internet Security . Personally, I used to use Trend Micro and had no complaints, but switched to McAfee through Comcast and have no complaints about them either. Steer clear of shady so-called anti-virus programs, however, as you don't want to find a virus-infested "anti-virus" program
2)Clean and optimize your registry! The registry is a very important part of a Windows computer, where essential system information is stored. Whenever you install a program, information is most likely added to the registry. When you uninstall a program, all of the information isn't usually removed. Spyware, adware, and other unwanted programs can also infect your registry. This is the main cause of error messages, blue screen errors, overall slowness, and even crashes. There is a very neat program called Registry Fix , which scans your registry for errors and repairs them. They offer a free trial that will just scan it for you and tell you what the problems are, and then for $37 you can purchase it and actually fix the errors. It it finds any errors, which is most cases will be in the hundreds, I would definitely recommend purchasing it, as the effect will definitely be visible. This is a awesome little program.
3)Defrag your hard drive! Everytime you use your hard drive (basically whenever you're using your computer!) files are getting all scattered about on your hard drive, which slows down the time it takes a file to open because it takes longer for your computer to find it. Windows has a built-in utility to do this, which can be found by going to My Computer, right clicking on the icon for your hard drive, going to Properties, clicking on the Tools tab, and then clicking on Defragment. This process will clean up your hard drive, by rearranging file storage and allowing files to be found more quickly. This can take a few hours, so you should run it overnight or before you leave for work, and it is suggested that you run it once per month.
4)Zap your spyware! Statistics show that almost all computers are infected with various forms of adware and spyware. There are programs out there, some free and some paid, that will scan and remove all traces of spy/adware that it can find. There are two free ones that I recommend, Adaware and Spybot . If you run these two and delete everything, you will definitely notice a difference, but they will not get everything. Personally, I run Adaware, Spybot, and XoftSpySE . It is very affordable, and I find when I use all three, each one finds stuff that the others do not, so its a great combination. The $30 certainly beats having to buy a new computer! Each of these programs are pretty self-explanatory, simply run each an delete everything that it finds, and you'll find your computer running a lot smoother.
5)Install anti-virus software and a firewall, run them, and keep them up-to-date! Its amazing the number of people who do not do this, and it really puts their computer in jeopardy. I remember a statistic that a Windows PC connected to the internet without a firewall usually becomes infected within 20 minutes. Don't be a statistic, its very easy to do, just keep your anti-virus and firewall software up-to-date. For anti-virus and firewall software, I use McAfee. If you are a Comcast high speed internet subscriber, you should be able to get these for free from Comcast.net. Otherwise, you could go to a local computer store or go to McAfee.com . Other popular anti-virus/firewall suites include Norton , and Trend Micro Internet Security . Personally, I used to use Trend Micro and had no complaints, but switched to McAfee through Comcast and have no complaints about them either. Steer clear of shady so-called anti-virus programs, however, as you don't want to find a virus-infested "anti-virus" program
is your computer slows down
1)Restrict what starts on startup! Does your computer start up very slowly? That is because you have lots of programs that start up whenever your computer starts up, most of which you probably don't want to, possibly even spyware and adware. Click on Start, then Run, and type "msconfig" (without the quotes" into the box, and press enter. Now, click on the startup tab. The only absolutely essential programs are: ScanRegistry, TaskMonitor, SystemTray, LoadPowerProfile, and your anti-virus and firewall software. There are other programs that you may want, so if there is anything that you aren't sure about, then type its name into Google. There are many websites that have a database of almost every task imaginable, and they will tell you what the program is, and whether you need it or not. After this, you will notice a very visible improvement next time you startup your PC. On a slightly related note, go to your Control Panel, click Add/Remove Programs, and uninstall anything that you need. You'd be amazed at how many programs you have that you never use, or could easily do without, that will free up disk space and improve computer performance.
2)Clean and optimize your registry! The registry is a very important part of a Windows computer, where essential system information is stored. Whenever you install a program, information is most likely added to the registry. When you uninstall a program, all of the information isn't usually removed. Spyware, adware, and other unwanted programs can also infect your registry. This is the main cause of error messages, blue screen errors, overall slowness, and even crashes. There is a very neat program called Registry Fix , which scans your registry for errors and repairs them. They offer a free trial that will just scan it for you and tell you what the problems are, and then for $37 you can purchase it and actually fix the errors. It it finds any errors, which is most cases will be in the hundreds, I would definitely recommend purchasing it, as the effect will definitely be visible. This is a awesome little program.
3)Defrag your hard drive! Everytime you use your hard drive (basically whenever you're using your computer!) files are getting all scattered about on your hard drive, which slows down the time it takes a file to open because it takes longer for your computer to find it. Windows has a built-in utility to do this, which can be found by going to My Computer, right clicking on the icon for your hard drive, going to Properties, clicking on the Tools tab, and then clicking on Defragment. This process will clean up your hard drive, by rearranging file storage and allowing files to be found more quickly. This can take a few hours, so you should run it overnight or before you leave for work, and it is suggested that you run it once per month.
4)Zap your spyware! Statistics show that almost all computers are infected with various forms of adware and spyware. There are programs out there, some free and some paid, that will scan and remove all traces of spy/adware that it can find. There are two free ones that I recommend, Adaware and Spybot . If you run these two and delete everything, you will definitely notice a difference, but they will not get everything. Personally, I run Adaware, Spybot, and XoftSpySE . It is very affordable, and I find when I use all three, each one finds stuff that the others do not, so its a great combination. The $30 certainly beats having to buy a new computer! Each of these programs are pretty self-explanatory, simply run each an delete everything that it finds, and you'll find your computer running a lot smoother.
5)Install anti-virus software and a firewall, run them, and keep them up-to-date! Its amazing the number of people who do not do this, and it really puts their computer in jeopardy. I remember a statistic that a Windows PC connected to the internet without a firewall usually becomes infected within 20 minutes. Don't be a statistic, its very easy to do, just keep your anti-virus and firewall software up-to-date. For anti-virus and firewall software, I use McAfee. If you are a Comcast high speed internet subscriber, you should be able to get these for free from Comcast.net. Otherwise, you could go to a local computer store or go to McAfee.com . Other popular anti-virus/firewall suites include Norton , and Trend Micro Internet Security . Personally, I used to use Trend Micro and had no complaints, but switched to McAfee through Comcast and have no complaints about them either. Steer clear of shady so-called anti-virus programs, however, as you don't want to find a virus-infested "anti-virus" program
2)Clean and optimize your registry! The registry is a very important part of a Windows computer, where essential system information is stored. Whenever you install a program, information is most likely added to the registry. When you uninstall a program, all of the information isn't usually removed. Spyware, adware, and other unwanted programs can also infect your registry. This is the main cause of error messages, blue screen errors, overall slowness, and even crashes. There is a very neat program called Registry Fix , which scans your registry for errors and repairs them. They offer a free trial that will just scan it for you and tell you what the problems are, and then for $37 you can purchase it and actually fix the errors. It it finds any errors, which is most cases will be in the hundreds, I would definitely recommend purchasing it, as the effect will definitely be visible. This is a awesome little program.
3)Defrag your hard drive! Everytime you use your hard drive (basically whenever you're using your computer!) files are getting all scattered about on your hard drive, which slows down the time it takes a file to open because it takes longer for your computer to find it. Windows has a built-in utility to do this, which can be found by going to My Computer, right clicking on the icon for your hard drive, going to Properties, clicking on the Tools tab, and then clicking on Defragment. This process will clean up your hard drive, by rearranging file storage and allowing files to be found more quickly. This can take a few hours, so you should run it overnight or before you leave for work, and it is suggested that you run it once per month.
4)Zap your spyware! Statistics show that almost all computers are infected with various forms of adware and spyware. There are programs out there, some free and some paid, that will scan and remove all traces of spy/adware that it can find. There are two free ones that I recommend, Adaware and Spybot . If you run these two and delete everything, you will definitely notice a difference, but they will not get everything. Personally, I run Adaware, Spybot, and XoftSpySE . It is very affordable, and I find when I use all three, each one finds stuff that the others do not, so its a great combination. The $30 certainly beats having to buy a new computer! Each of these programs are pretty self-explanatory, simply run each an delete everything that it finds, and you'll find your computer running a lot smoother.
5)Install anti-virus software and a firewall, run them, and keep them up-to-date! Its amazing the number of people who do not do this, and it really puts their computer in jeopardy. I remember a statistic that a Windows PC connected to the internet without a firewall usually becomes infected within 20 minutes. Don't be a statistic, its very easy to do, just keep your anti-virus and firewall software up-to-date. For anti-virus and firewall software, I use McAfee. If you are a Comcast high speed internet subscriber, you should be able to get these for free from Comcast.net. Otherwise, you could go to a local computer store or go to McAfee.com . Other popular anti-virus/firewall suites include Norton , and Trend Micro Internet Security . Personally, I used to use Trend Micro and had no complaints, but switched to McAfee through Comcast and have no complaints about them either. Steer clear of shady so-called anti-virus programs, however, as you don't want to find a virus-infested "anti-virus" program
lucknow
Muskaraiye ki aap lucknow mein hain
Coming back to my town and the place where my heart is.
Oudh...we all know it as Lucknow.
The city can be broadly divided in two parts,old lucknow and new one.People who have been to bhopal will find these 2 cities quite similar.
As soon as you reach lucknow railway station(charbagh),you are at one of the most elgantly designed stations of british raj.Seen up from the sky,the station looks like a chess board.
The old city has wonderful places like imambara,bhulbhulliya(awesome architecture..a maze),roomi darwaza and others.Residency,a place which was a mute witness to the first war of independence in 1857 still can take u in that era.(sadly now its the love birds who are more interested in going there).
You will find loads of chikan karigars.The work is loved all over the world.And its all done by hand.The next time you wear a kurta/suit/saree of chikan work,just try to wonder,all this work has been done by a lady sitting in cramped premises.
There is a unique flavour to the lucknowites(people who have been living there for 1-2 generations).Something carefreee and relaxed,which also reflects in the city.If you stop someone on the road,and ask for directions,dont wonder if he comes with you and drops u there!!!
The best thing about Lucknow???? Fooooooooooood...
I have been almost all over india(except jaipur,which i have heard is great for cuisine too),and let me say,these are the things which are out of this world:
1 Biryani- even the roadside thela waala makes better biryani than top names in mumbai.For comparison,mumbaites go rave about a place called "bade miyan" near churchgate,i have been there,and that place sucks!!!
reason biryani so good is,its cooked in desi ghee,the rice melts in ur mouth,and the rice is cooked with meat,the shorba seeps in...
2 Kebabs-minced kebabs with parathe..wowie!!
3 raja ki thandai...try it with bhaang..and then its al jai jai shiv shanker
4 chaat(pani puri,matar,aloo tikki etc)-have it in lucknow,noone makes it better
5 paan
moreover,lucknow is a great place to shop.for people who love that real shopping feeling.the mall culture has killed the art of shopping.
Aminabad,a market spread across almost 5 kms.you can get anything here,from jewellery to 100 varieties of saunf.bargain to your hearts content.I still remember my mom taking me along when i was a kiddo and the incentive being the awesome milk badam at one of the shops!!!
there is no place like Hazratgang.The centre of the city.In terms of shops,offices and the crowd.Have spent hours walking on this 2km stretch of road there with my friends ,fooling around and bird watching in my school
Coming back to my town and the place where my heart is.
Oudh...we all know it as Lucknow.
The city can be broadly divided in two parts,old lucknow and new one.People who have been to bhopal will find these 2 cities quite similar.
As soon as you reach lucknow railway station(charbagh),you are at one of the most elgantly designed stations of british raj.Seen up from the sky,the station looks like a chess board.
The old city has wonderful places like imambara,bhulbhulliya(awesome architecture..a maze),roomi darwaza and others.Residency,a place which was a mute witness to the first war of independence in 1857 still can take u in that era.(sadly now its the love birds who are more interested in going there).
You will find loads of chikan karigars.The work is loved all over the world.And its all done by hand.The next time you wear a kurta/suit/saree of chikan work,just try to wonder,all this work has been done by a lady sitting in cramped premises.
There is a unique flavour to the lucknowites(people who have been living there for 1-2 generations).Something carefreee and relaxed,which also reflects in the city.If you stop someone on the road,and ask for directions,dont wonder if he comes with you and drops u there!!!
The best thing about Lucknow???? Fooooooooooood...
I have been almost all over india(except jaipur,which i have heard is great for cuisine too),and let me say,these are the things which are out of this world:
1 Biryani- even the roadside thela waala makes better biryani than top names in mumbai.For comparison,mumbaites go rave about a place called "bade miyan" near churchgate,i have been there,and that place sucks!!!
reason biryani so good is,its cooked in desi ghee,the rice melts in ur mouth,and the rice is cooked with meat,the shorba seeps in...
2 Kebabs-minced kebabs with parathe..wowie!!
3 raja ki thandai...try it with bhaang..and then its al jai jai shiv shanker
4 chaat(pani puri,matar,aloo tikki etc)-have it in lucknow,noone makes it better
5 paan
moreover,lucknow is a great place to shop.for people who love that real shopping feeling.the mall culture has killed the art of shopping.
Aminabad,a market spread across almost 5 kms.you can get anything here,from jewellery to 100 varieties of saunf.bargain to your hearts content.I still remember my mom taking me along when i was a kiddo and the incentive being the awesome milk badam at one of the shops!!!
there is no place like Hazratgang.The centre of the city.In terms of shops,offices and the crowd.Have spent hours walking on this 2km stretch of road there with my friends ,fooling around and bird watching in my school
hr email id's
INTEL npwhrindia@intel.com Bangalore
ORACLE naveen.vemula@oracle.com suman.rajeev@oracle.com Bangalore
LUCENT hrindia@lucent.com Bangalore
SONY dreamjob@sisc.in.sony.com.sg Bangalore Singapore HUGHES hsshr@hss.hns.com Delhi Bangalore
NORTEL nadhr@nortelnetworks.com
TCS recruitment@blore.tcs.co.in Bangalore
Veritas bangalore@vxindia.veritas.com Unix Bangalore
Aspect Dev jobs@india.aspectdv.com Ecom Bangalore
MBT resume@mahindrabt.com Pune
HP resumes@india.hp.com Bangalore
HCL Tech rsriram@hclt.com
PENTAFOUR muralikrishna@pentafour.com
NOVELL career@novell.com Bangalore
SUN careers@india.sun.com Bangalore
BPL Innovision - jobs@bplinnovision.com
D E Shaw - recruit-india@deshaw.com Hyderabad
iCode - hr_india@icode.com
PTPL - prakash@ptpl.com
InfoGain hrdindia@india.infogain.com Delhi
Satyam globaltalent@bet.satyam.com Bangalore
PSI resumes@psi.soft.net Bangalore
StumpVision stumpvision@blr.vsnl.net.in krish@stumpvision.com
Infosys bangalore.hrd@inf.com
Siemens hmsrecruit@sisl.co.in Bangalore
Wipro careers@wipro.com Bangalore
American Data Solutions adsihr@gafri.com Bangalore
Healtheon jobs@healtheonindia.com
HCL Tech resumeblr@hclt.com
Bharti Telesoft careers@bhartitelesoft.com
IBM osudar@in.ibm.com mamol@in.ibm.com
For Lucent skg@spectrumconsultants.com
GE India itl.geitc@geind.ge.com Bangalore
iCope hrd@icope.com Wireless
NATIONAL careers@malkauns.nsc.com Embedded
Philips pscareers2000@philips.com Embedded
BOSCALLEO hr@boscalleo.com Ecomm
IT Solutions careers_2000@its.soft.net
HCL Tech careerb@msdc.hcltech.com
NIHILENT career@nihilent.com
Infosys careers@inf.com
CISCO india_jobs@cisco.com Networking
PEOPLE.COM speri@techpeople-india.com US
NetBrahma Want2b@netbrahma.com Systems
SunCoreSoft hrd@suncoresoft.com
Ishoni jobs@ishoni.com
LG Software I walkin@lgsi.com Ecom , Embedded
HPS Global hps.rmg@hpsglobal.com
Reliance , US jobs@reliance.com
ESCOSOFT carer@escosoft-tech.com US
SERANOVA careerindia@seraova.com Ecom
TeleSoft hrd@indts.com Telecom
SSI infinity@ssi-technologies.com Bangalore
MelStar bstp@melstar.com Bombay Chennai
USInteractive careers@usinteractive.com US
Cerebra jobs@cerebracomputers.com
Empowertel hrindia@empowertel.com
PTC hrtoi@india.ptc.com PUNE
Siri Technolgoies hr@siritech.com
ALIT hr@alit.soft.net
i-Flex sandeep.bhattacharya@iflexsolutions.com
CosmoNet hrd@cosmonetsolutions.com
POLARIS resume_toib@polaris.co.in
RAS Infotech resumes@rasinfotech.com
SIP Technolgies hrd@siptech.co.in
SNS Tech careers@snstech.com
AUTODESK crvcon@vsnl.com
LGSoft onsite_java@lgsi.com
Kindle work_here@kindlesystems.com PUNE US UK
InfoStrands infostrands@gtvltd.com
ObjectOrb hr@objectorb.com
Comnet hrd@comneti.com telecom
CIS hrtelecom@cisindia.com
OnwardGroup geetha_cherian@onwardgroup.com
Green Microsystems jobs@greenmicrosystems.com
STPI personnel@stpb.soft.net
Quark careers@quark.stpm.soft.net MOHALI
DelDot subbu@deldot.com
SUBEX ganesh@subegroup.com
SIERRAOPT career@sierraopt.com
DSQ recruit_ecom@md.in.dsqsoft.com CHENNAI
IIC hr@iictechnologies.com
CYBERTECH ecomjobs@cybertech.com
FormulaSys resumes@FormulaSys.com US
WorkFlow hr@workflow.com
SystemLogic got2b@SystemLogic.com
CyberAnalysts resume@cyberanalysts.com
IMPETUS hr@impetus.co.in INDORE
VISTEON svadivel@VISTEON.com EMBEDDED
Amadee myjobs@amadee.de INTERNET
WEBTEK webtek_jobs@dresdner-bank.com
CIRRUS LOGIC hrd@cirrus.stpp.soft.net
TCS Chennai resume@chennai.tcs.com
TVSFUGEN mjojo@tvsfugen.com
Onscan -Wireless - jobs@onscan.com
EmbeddedWireless jobs@EmbeddedWireless.com
DECCANET career@deccanetdesigns.com
DuskValley joinus@DuskValley.com duskvalley@vsnl.com INTERNET
SEMA hrd@sema.co.in CALCUTTA TElecom
FTD future4u@ftdpl.com.sg DSP / Telecom
SAS careers@sasi.com
SPIKE design@spikeindia.soft.net EDA / ASIC
HCL freedom@ggn.hcltech.com
Aptech corporatetrg@aptech.co.in
Datamatics psaib@datamatics.com BOMBAY
AQUILA hrd@aquila.soft.net Graphics , EBusiness
DATUM careers@datumtec.com
HUGHES resumetoib@hss.hns.com
AMBER india_jobs@ambernetworks.com Networking
Integra career@integramicro.com
Lante cvindia@lante.com DELHI -Ecom
RELQ RELQusa@RELQ.com
Sonata-US hrd@sonata-software.com career@sonata-software.com
ZAP hrdbg@skillsandjobs.com
Zensar dreamcareers@zensar.com
Spectrum , Singapore ravikum@mbox2.singnet.com.sg
Forbes, UK forbeshr@bgl.vsnl.net.in forbesbg@bgl.vsnl.net.in
Synopsys guru@synopsys.com
JobCurry Australia map@jobcurry.com
Singapore, UNIX cn66@vsnl.com
Sun Tech US hr@suntechnologies.com
HCL Tech - careers@noida.hclt.com Noida
Infosys - engserv@inf.com
HTC - htc.blr@htcinc.com
CGSmith - resume@cgs.cgsmith.soft.net
APCC - irecruit@apcc.com
TechDrive sunitha@techdriveintl.com
UniqueComputing careers@uniquecomputing.com US
Accord Soft asiapacific@accord-soft.com
ZenSoft hrd.zensoft@pacific.net.sg Singapore
Zenith hr@zenithsoft.com Mumbai
Velocient rsg@in.velocient.com Delhi , US
Selectica hr_bgl@selectica.com
Think Inc. jobs@thinkbn.com Coimbatore -
Mphasis hr@mphasis.com
Digital di.recruit@digital.com
Alopa hrindia@alopa.com
Silicon Automation Systems careers@sasi.com
Birla Software recruitment@birlasoftware.com
WebXL jobs@webxl.com
Talisma got2b@talisma.com
Aditi got2b@aditi.com want2b@aditi.com
AmSoft hrd@amsoftis.com
Bangalore Software jobs@bangaloresoftware.com
ARTHUR ANDERSEN rescw@arthurandersen.com
Raffles careers@raffles.soft.net
ECosmos hr_ecosmos@netkracker.com
SAP sanjukta.sarkar@sap.com
PUNDITS protocol@pundits.com
AZTEC jobs@aztecsoft.com
Infy Banking Software banking_hrd@infy.com
Infy IS Software careers.IS@inf.com
HPS(Perot) Global opportunities@hpsblr.soft.net
CSS jobs@csshome.net
CBSI recruiting@cbsinc.com
NetGalactic hr@netgalactic.com
Orbit-e livefree@orbit-e.com
is3c hr@is3c.com
Tenet jobs@tenetindia.com
GMR Info opportunities@gmrinfo.com
Intergraph resume_india@intergraph.com
ORACLE naveen.vemula@oracle.com suman.rajeev@oracle.com Bangalore
LUCENT hrindia@lucent.com Bangalore
SONY dreamjob@sisc.in.sony.com.sg Bangalore Singapore HUGHES hsshr@hss.hns.com Delhi Bangalore
NORTEL nadhr@nortelnetworks.com
TCS recruitment@blore.tcs.co.in Bangalore
Veritas bangalore@vxindia.veritas.com Unix Bangalore
Aspect Dev jobs@india.aspectdv.com Ecom Bangalore
MBT resume@mahindrabt.com Pune
HP resumes@india.hp.com Bangalore
HCL Tech rsriram@hclt.com
PENTAFOUR muralikrishna@pentafour.com
NOVELL career@novell.com Bangalore
SUN careers@india.sun.com Bangalore
BPL Innovision - jobs@bplinnovision.com
D E Shaw - recruit-india@deshaw.com Hyderabad
iCode - hr_india@icode.com
PTPL - prakash@ptpl.com
InfoGain hrdindia@india.infogain.com Delhi
Satyam globaltalent@bet.satyam.com Bangalore
PSI resumes@psi.soft.net Bangalore
StumpVision stumpvision@blr.vsnl.net.in krish@stumpvision.com
Infosys bangalore.hrd@inf.com
Siemens hmsrecruit@sisl.co.in Bangalore
Wipro careers@wipro.com Bangalore
American Data Solutions adsihr@gafri.com Bangalore
Healtheon jobs@healtheonindia.com
HCL Tech resumeblr@hclt.com
Bharti Telesoft careers@bhartitelesoft.com
IBM osudar@in.ibm.com mamol@in.ibm.com
For Lucent skg@spectrumconsultants.com
GE India itl.geitc@geind.ge.com Bangalore
iCope hrd@icope.com Wireless
NATIONAL careers@malkauns.nsc.com Embedded
Philips pscareers2000@philips.com Embedded
BOSCALLEO hr@boscalleo.com Ecomm
IT Solutions careers_2000@its.soft.net
HCL Tech careerb@msdc.hcltech.com
NIHILENT career@nihilent.com
Infosys careers@inf.com
CISCO india_jobs@cisco.com Networking
PEOPLE.COM speri@techpeople-india.com US
NetBrahma Want2b@netbrahma.com Systems
SunCoreSoft hrd@suncoresoft.com
Ishoni jobs@ishoni.com
LG Software I walkin@lgsi.com Ecom , Embedded
HPS Global hps.rmg@hpsglobal.com
Reliance , US jobs@reliance.com
ESCOSOFT carer@escosoft-tech.com US
SERANOVA careerindia@seraova.com Ecom
TeleSoft hrd@indts.com Telecom
SSI infinity@ssi-technologies.com Bangalore
MelStar bstp@melstar.com Bombay Chennai
USInteractive careers@usinteractive.com US
Cerebra jobs@cerebracomputers.com
Empowertel hrindia@empowertel.com
PTC hrtoi@india.ptc.com PUNE
Siri Technolgoies hr@siritech.com
ALIT hr@alit.soft.net
i-Flex sandeep.bhattacharya@iflexsolutions.com
CosmoNet hrd@cosmonetsolutions.com
POLARIS resume_toib@polaris.co.in
RAS Infotech resumes@rasinfotech.com
SIP Technolgies hrd@siptech.co.in
SNS Tech careers@snstech.com
AUTODESK crvcon@vsnl.com
LGSoft onsite_java@lgsi.com
Kindle work_here@kindlesystems.com PUNE US UK
InfoStrands infostrands@gtvltd.com
ObjectOrb hr@objectorb.com
Comnet hrd@comneti.com telecom
CIS hrtelecom@cisindia.com
OnwardGroup geetha_cherian@onwardgroup.com
Green Microsystems jobs@greenmicrosystems.com
STPI personnel@stpb.soft.net
Quark careers@quark.stpm.soft.net MOHALI
DelDot subbu@deldot.com
SUBEX ganesh@subegroup.com
SIERRAOPT career@sierraopt.com
DSQ recruit_ecom@md.in.dsqsoft.com CHENNAI
IIC hr@iictechnologies.com
CYBERTECH ecomjobs@cybertech.com
FormulaSys resumes@FormulaSys.com US
WorkFlow hr@workflow.com
SystemLogic got2b@SystemLogic.com
CyberAnalysts resume@cyberanalysts.com
IMPETUS hr@impetus.co.in INDORE
VISTEON svadivel@VISTEON.com EMBEDDED
Amadee myjobs@amadee.de INTERNET
WEBTEK webtek_jobs@dresdner-bank.com
CIRRUS LOGIC hrd@cirrus.stpp.soft.net
TCS Chennai resume@chennai.tcs.com
TVSFUGEN mjojo@tvsfugen.com
Onscan -Wireless - jobs@onscan.com
EmbeddedWireless jobs@EmbeddedWireless.com
DECCANET career@deccanetdesigns.com
DuskValley joinus@DuskValley.com duskvalley@vsnl.com INTERNET
SEMA hrd@sema.co.in CALCUTTA TElecom
FTD future4u@ftdpl.com.sg DSP / Telecom
SAS careers@sasi.com
SPIKE design@spikeindia.soft.net EDA / ASIC
HCL freedom@ggn.hcltech.com
Aptech corporatetrg@aptech.co.in
Datamatics psaib@datamatics.com BOMBAY
AQUILA hrd@aquila.soft.net Graphics , EBusiness
DATUM careers@datumtec.com
HUGHES resumetoib@hss.hns.com
AMBER india_jobs@ambernetworks.com Networking
Integra career@integramicro.com
Lante cvindia@lante.com DELHI -Ecom
RELQ RELQusa@RELQ.com
Sonata-US hrd@sonata-software.com career@sonata-software.com
ZAP hrdbg@skillsandjobs.com
Zensar dreamcareers@zensar.com
Spectrum , Singapore ravikum@mbox2.singnet.com.sg
Forbes, UK forbeshr@bgl.vsnl.net.in forbesbg@bgl.vsnl.net.in
Synopsys guru@synopsys.com
JobCurry Australia map@jobcurry.com
Singapore, UNIX cn66@vsnl.com
Sun Tech US hr@suntechnologies.com
HCL Tech - careers@noida.hclt.com Noida
Infosys - engserv@inf.com
HTC - htc.blr@htcinc.com
CGSmith - resume@cgs.cgsmith.soft.net
APCC - irecruit@apcc.com
TechDrive sunitha@techdriveintl.com
UniqueComputing careers@uniquecomputing.com US
Accord Soft asiapacific@accord-soft.com
ZenSoft hrd.zensoft@pacific.net.sg Singapore
Zenith hr@zenithsoft.com Mumbai
Velocient rsg@in.velocient.com Delhi , US
Selectica hr_bgl@selectica.com
Think Inc. jobs@thinkbn.com Coimbatore -
Mphasis hr@mphasis.com
Digital di.recruit@digital.com
Alopa hrindia@alopa.com
Silicon Automation Systems careers@sasi.com
Birla Software recruitment@birlasoftware.com
WebXL jobs@webxl.com
Talisma got2b@talisma.com
Aditi got2b@aditi.com want2b@aditi.com
AmSoft hrd@amsoftis.com
Bangalore Software jobs@bangaloresoftware.com
ARTHUR ANDERSEN rescw@arthurandersen.com
Raffles careers@raffles.soft.net
ECosmos hr_ecosmos@netkracker.com
SAP sanjukta.sarkar@sap.com
PUNDITS protocol@pundits.com
AZTEC jobs@aztecsoft.com
Infy Banking Software banking_hrd@infy.com
Infy IS Software careers.IS@inf.com
HPS(Perot) Global opportunities@hpsblr.soft.net
CSS jobs@csshome.net
CBSI recruiting@cbsinc.com
NetGalactic hr@netgalactic.com
Orbit-e livefree@orbit-e.com
is3c hr@is3c.com
Tenet jobs@tenetindia.com
GMR Info opportunities@gmrinfo.com
Intergraph resume_india@intergraph.com
Highest, Biggest, Largest & Longest in India
Highest Award for Gallantry - Param Vir Chakra
Highest Award for civilian - Bharat Ratna
Bank with largest number of branches - State Bank of India
Longest Road bridge - Mahatma Gandhi Setu (across Ganga—Patna 5.575 Km.)
Largest Cantilever Span Bridge - Howrah Bridge (Kolkata)
Largest Cattle Fair - Sonepur Fair (Bihar)
Most Populous City - Mumbai
Longest Corridor - Ramanathaswamy Corridor, Tamil Nadu (1,220 mt.)
Largest Desert - Thar (Rajasthan)
Longest Dam - Hirakud Dam (Orissa)
Highest Dam - Bhakra Dam on river Sutlej (740 ft.)
Largest Delta - Sunderban (12,872 Sq. km.
Largest Dome - Gol Gumbaz (Bijapur)
Highest Gateway - Buland Darwaja at Fatehpur Sikri (54 m.)
Largest Lake - Wular Lake (Kashmir)
Highest Literacy - Kerala
Largest Museum - Indian Museum (Kolkata)
Biggest Mosque - Jama Masjid (Delhi)
Highest Peak - K-2 (8,611 mt.)
Longest Railway Platform - Kharagpur, SE Railway (2,733 ft.)
Largest Railway Bridge - Nehru Setu, Bihar (river Sone)
River, Longest - The Ganga river (2,525 km.)
Highest Rainfall (annual mean) - Mowsyrnam near Cherrapunji (1,080 mm) (Meghalaya)
Longest Road - Grand Trunk Road
LargestRock-cut Temple - KailashTemples, Ellora (Maharashtra)
maximum forest cover State - Mizoram (cover 75.5% area)
Tallest Statue - Statue of Risabhnath (Khargone, M.P.) 84 ft.
Largest State (area) - Rajasthan (3,42,239 sq. km.)
Most Populous State - Uttar Pradesh (16,61,97,921)
State with Maximum density of population - West Bengal (903 persons per sq. km.)
Longest Tunnel (Road) - Jawahar Tunnel (J & K—1.75 miles)
Longest Tunnel (Railway) - Between Monkey Hill and Khandala stations (2,100 mt. long)
Highest Tower - Qutub Minar (Delhi, 72.5 mt.)
Highest Waterfall - Gersoppa Waterfall, Mysore (290 m.)
Largest Zoo - Zoological Gardens, Kolkata
Largest Man-made Lake - Govind Sagar (Bhakra)
Highest Award for civilian - Bharat Ratna
Bank with largest number of branches - State Bank of India
Longest Road bridge - Mahatma Gandhi Setu (across Ganga—Patna 5.575 Km.)
Largest Cantilever Span Bridge - Howrah Bridge (Kolkata)
Largest Cattle Fair - Sonepur Fair (Bihar)
Most Populous City - Mumbai
Longest Corridor - Ramanathaswamy Corridor, Tamil Nadu (1,220 mt.)
Largest Desert - Thar (Rajasthan)
Longest Dam - Hirakud Dam (Orissa)
Highest Dam - Bhakra Dam on river Sutlej (740 ft.)
Largest Delta - Sunderban (12,872 Sq. km.
Largest Dome - Gol Gumbaz (Bijapur)
Highest Gateway - Buland Darwaja at Fatehpur Sikri (54 m.)
Largest Lake - Wular Lake (Kashmir)
Highest Literacy - Kerala
Largest Museum - Indian Museum (Kolkata)
Biggest Mosque - Jama Masjid (Delhi)
Highest Peak - K-2 (8,611 mt.)
Longest Railway Platform - Kharagpur, SE Railway (2,733 ft.)
Largest Railway Bridge - Nehru Setu, Bihar (river Sone)
River, Longest - The Ganga river (2,525 km.)
Highest Rainfall (annual mean) - Mowsyrnam near Cherrapunji (1,080 mm) (Meghalaya)
Longest Road - Grand Trunk Road
LargestRock-cut Temple - KailashTemples, Ellora (Maharashtra)
maximum forest cover State - Mizoram (cover 75.5% area)
Tallest Statue - Statue of Risabhnath (Khargone, M.P.) 84 ft.
Largest State (area) - Rajasthan (3,42,239 sq. km.)
Most Populous State - Uttar Pradesh (16,61,97,921)
State with Maximum density of population - West Bengal (903 persons per sq. km.)
Longest Tunnel (Road) - Jawahar Tunnel (J & K—1.75 miles)
Longest Tunnel (Railway) - Between Monkey Hill and Khandala stations (2,100 mt. long)
Highest Tower - Qutub Minar (Delhi, 72.5 mt.)
Highest Waterfall - Gersoppa Waterfall, Mysore (290 m.)
Largest Zoo - Zoological Gardens, Kolkata
Largest Man-made Lake - Govind Sagar (Bhakra)
rice
At varying points of time on two continents, particularly
from 8500 BC to 1000 BC, a wild strain of grass was
domesticated. Today, we know the evolved form of that
grass as rice!
What is Rice?
o Rice is a grain belonging to the grass family.
o Rice refers to two species (Oryza sativa and Oryza glaberrima) of grass, native to tropical and subtropical southeastern .
o Rice is rich in genetic diversity, with thousands of varieties grown throughout the world.
IN INDIA:-
o Rice is one of the important cereal food crop of India. Rice contributes about 43% of total food grain production and 46% of total cereal production in the country. It continues to play vital role in the national exports.
o The percentage share of agriculture export in total national export was 18.25, whereas the percentage share of rice export in total agriculture export was 24.62 during 1998-99. Thus, rice export contributes nearly 25% of total agriculture export from the country.
from 8500 BC to 1000 BC, a wild strain of grass was
domesticated. Today, we know the evolved form of that
grass as rice!
What is Rice?
o Rice is a grain belonging to the grass family.
o Rice refers to two species (Oryza sativa and Oryza glaberrima) of grass, native to tropical and subtropical southeastern .
o Rice is rich in genetic diversity, with thousands of varieties grown throughout the world.
IN INDIA:-
o Rice is one of the important cereal food crop of India. Rice contributes about 43% of total food grain production and 46% of total cereal production in the country. It continues to play vital role in the national exports.
o The percentage share of agriculture export in total national export was 18.25, whereas the percentage share of rice export in total agriculture export was 24.62 during 1998-99. Thus, rice export contributes nearly 25% of total agriculture export from the country.
artificial intelligence
The branch of computer science concerned with making computers behave like humans. The term was coined in 1956 by John McCarthy at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Artificial intelligence includes
• games playing: programming computers to play games such as chess and checkers
• expert systems : programming computers to make decisions in real-life situations (for example, some expert systems help doctors diagnose diseases based on symptoms)
• natural language : programming computers to understand natural human languages
• neural networks : Systems that simulate intelligence by attempting to reproduce the types of physical connections that occur in animal brains
• robotics : programming computers to see and hear and react to other sensory stimuli
Currently, no computers exhibit full artificial intelligence (that is, are able to simulate human behavior). The greatest advances have occurred in the field of games playing. The best computer chess programs are now capable of beating humans. In May, 1997, an IBM super-computer called Deep Blue defeated world chess champion Gary Kasparov in a chess match.
In the area of robotics, computers are now widely used in assembly plants, but they are capable only of very limited tasks. Robots have great difficulty identifying objects based on appearance or feel, and they still move and handle objects clumsily.
Natural-language processing offers the greatest potential rewards because it would allow people to interact with computers without needing any specialized knowledge. You could simply walk up to a computer and talk to it. Unfortunately, programming computers to understand natural languages has proved to be more difficult than originally thought. Some rudimentary translation systems that translate from one human language to another are in existence, but they are not nearly as good as human translators. There are also voice recognition systems that can convert spoken sounds into written words, but they do not understand what they are writing; they simply take dictation. Even these systems are quite limited -- you must speak slowly and distinctly.
In the early 1980s, expert systems were believed to represent the future of artificial intelligence and of computers in general. To date, however, they have not lived up to expectations. Many expert systems help human experts in such fields as medicine and engineering, but they are very expensive to produce and are helpful only in special situations.
Today, the hottest area of artificial intelligence is neural networks, which are proving successful in a number of disciplines such as voice recognition and natural-language processing.
There are several programming languages that are known as AI languages because they are used almost exclusively for AI applications. The two most common are LISP and Prolog.
• games playing: programming computers to play games such as chess and checkers
• expert systems : programming computers to make decisions in real-life situations (for example, some expert systems help doctors diagnose diseases based on symptoms)
• natural language : programming computers to understand natural human languages
• neural networks : Systems that simulate intelligence by attempting to reproduce the types of physical connections that occur in animal brains
• robotics : programming computers to see and hear and react to other sensory stimuli
Currently, no computers exhibit full artificial intelligence (that is, are able to simulate human behavior). The greatest advances have occurred in the field of games playing. The best computer chess programs are now capable of beating humans. In May, 1997, an IBM super-computer called Deep Blue defeated world chess champion Gary Kasparov in a chess match.
In the area of robotics, computers are now widely used in assembly plants, but they are capable only of very limited tasks. Robots have great difficulty identifying objects based on appearance or feel, and they still move and handle objects clumsily.
Natural-language processing offers the greatest potential rewards because it would allow people to interact with computers without needing any specialized knowledge. You could simply walk up to a computer and talk to it. Unfortunately, programming computers to understand natural languages has proved to be more difficult than originally thought. Some rudimentary translation systems that translate from one human language to another are in existence, but they are not nearly as good as human translators. There are also voice recognition systems that can convert spoken sounds into written words, but they do not understand what they are writing; they simply take dictation. Even these systems are quite limited -- you must speak slowly and distinctly.
In the early 1980s, expert systems were believed to represent the future of artificial intelligence and of computers in general. To date, however, they have not lived up to expectations. Many expert systems help human experts in such fields as medicine and engineering, but they are very expensive to produce and are helpful only in special situations.
Today, the hottest area of artificial intelligence is neural networks, which are proving successful in a number of disciplines such as voice recognition and natural-language processing.
There are several programming languages that are known as AI languages because they are used almost exclusively for AI applications. The two most common are LISP and Prolog.
kamayani, by jayshankar prashad
कामायनी
('लज्जा' परिच्छेद)
कोमल किसलय के अंचल में नन्हीं कलिका ज्यों छिपती-सी,
गोधुली के धूमिल पट में दीपक के स्वर में दिपती-सी।
मंजुल स्वप्नओं की विस्मृति में मन का उन्माद निखरता ज्यों -
सुरभित लहरों की छाया में बुल्ले का विभव बिखरता ज्यों -
वैसी ही माया से लिपटी अधरों पर उँगली धरे हुए,
माधव के सरस कुतूहल का आँखों में पानी भरे हुए।
नीरव निशीथ में लतिका-सी तुम कौन आ रही हो बढ़ती?
कोमल-बाहें फैलाये-सी आलिंगन का जादू पढ़ती!
किन इंद्रजाल के फूलों से लेकर सुहाग-कण राग-भरे,
सिर नीचा कर हो गूँथ रही माला जिससे मधु धार ढरे?
पुलकित कदंब की माला-सी पहना देती हो अन्तर में,
झुक जाती है मन की डाली अपनी फलभरता के डर में।
वरदान सदृश हो डाल रही नीली किरनों से बुना हुआ,
यह अंचल कितना हल्का-सा कितना सौरभ से सना हुआ।
सब अंग मोम से बनते हैं कोमलता में बल खाती हूँ,
मैं सिमट रही-सी अपने में परिहास-गीत सुन पाती हूँ।
स्मित बन जाती है तरल हँसी नयनों में भर कर बाँकपना,
प्रत्यक्ष देखती हूँ सब जो वह बनता जाता है सपना।
मेरे सपनों में कलरव का संसार आँख जब खोल रहा,
अनुराग समीरों पर तिरता था इतराता-सा डोल रहा।
अभिलाषा अपने यौवन में उठती उस सुख के स्वागत को,
जीवन भर के बल-वैभव से सत्कृत करती दूरागत को।
किरनों की रज्जु समेट लिया जिसका अवलम्बन ले चढ़ती,
रस के निर्झर में धँस कर मैं आनन्द-शिखर के प्रति बढ़ती।
छूने में हिचक, देखने में पलकें आँखों पर झुकती हैं,
कलरव परिहास भरी गूँजें अधरों तक सहसा रुकती हैं।
संकेत कर रही रोमाली चुपचाप बरजाती खड़ी रही,
भाषा बन भौहों की काली रेखा-सी भ्रम में पड़ी रही।
तुम कौन! हृदय की परवशता? सारी स्वतंत्रता छीन रही,
स्वच्छंद सुमन जो खिले रहे जीवन-वन से हो बीन रही!"
संध्या की लाली में हँसती, उसका ही आश्रय लेती-सी,
छाया प्रतिमा गुनगुना उठी, श्रद्धा का उत्तर देती-सी।
"इतना न चमकृत हो बाले! अपने मन का उपकार करो,
मैं एक पकड़ हूँ जो कहती ठहरो कुछ सोच-विचार करो।
अंबर-चुंबी हिम-श्रृंगों से कलरव कोलाहल साथ लिये,
विद्युत की प्राणमयी धारा बहती जिसमें उन्माद लिये।
मंगल कुंकुम की श्री जिसमें निखरी हो ऊषा की लाली,
भोला सुहाग इठलाता हो ऐसा हो जिसमें हरियाली,
हो नयनों का कल्याण बना आनन्द सुमन-सा विकसा हो,
वासंती के वन-वैभव में जिसका पंचमस्वर पिक-सा हो,
जो गूँज उठे फिर नस-नस में मूर्छना समान मचलता-सा,
आँखों के साँचे में आकर रमणीय रूप बन ढलता-सा,
नयनों की नीलम की घाटी जिस रस घन से छा जाती हो,
वह कौंध कि जिससे अन्तर की शीतलता ठंढक पाती हो,
हिल्लोल भरा हो ऋतुपति का गोधुली की सी ममता हो,
जागरण प्रात-सा हँसता हो जिसमें मध्याह्न निखरता हो,
हो चकित निकल आई सहसा जो अपने प्राची के घर से,
उस नवल चंद्रिका-से बिछले जो मानस की लहरों पर से,
फूलों की कोमल पंखड़ियाँ बिखरें जिसके अभिनन्दन में,
मकरंद मिलाती हों अपना स्वागत के कुंकुम चन्दन में,
कोमल किसलय मर्मर-रव-से जिसका जयघोष सुनाते हों,
जिसमें दुःख सुख मिलकर मन के उत्सव आनंद मनाते हों,
उज्जवल वरदान चेतना का सौन्दर्य्य जिसे सब कहते हैं,
जिसमें अनंत अभिलाषा के सपने सब जगते रहते हैं।
मैं उसई चपल की धात्री हूँ, गौरव महिमा हूँ सिखलाती,
ठोकर जो लगने वाली है उसको धीरे से समझाती,
मैं देव-सृष्टि की रति-रानी निज पंचबाण से वंचित हो,
बन आवर्जना-मूर्ति दीना अपनी अतृप्ति-सी संचित हो,
अवशिष्ट रह गईं अनुभव में अपनी अतीत असफलता-सी,
लीला विलास की खेद-भरी अवसादमयी श्रम-दलिता-सी,
मैं रति की प्रतिकृति लज्जा हूँ मैं शालीनता सिखाती हूँ,
मतवाली सुन्दरता पग में नूपुर सी लिपट मनाती हूँ,
लाली बन सरल कपोलों में आँखों में अंजन सी लगती,
कुंचित अलकों सी घुँघराली मन की मरोर बनकर जगती,
चंचल किशोर सुन्दरता की मैं करती रहती रखवाली,
मैं वह हलकी सी मसलन हूँ जो बनती कानों की लाली।"
"हाँ, ठीक, परन्तु बताओगी मेरे जीवन का पथ क्या है?
इस निविड़ निशा में संसृति की आलोकमयी रेखा क्या है?
यह आज समझ तो पाई हूँ मैं दुर्बलता में नारी हूँ,
अवयव की सुन्दर कोमलता लेकर मैं सबसे हारी हूँ।
पर मन भी क्यों इतना ढीला अपने ही होता जाता है,
घनश्याम-खंड-सी आँखों में क्यों सहसा जल भर आता है?
सर्वस्व-समर्पण करने की विश्वास-महा-तरु-छाया में,
चुपचाप पड़ी रहने की क्यों ममता जगती हैं माया में?
छायापथ में तारक-द्युति सी झिलमिल करने की मधु-लीला,
अभिनय करती क्यों इस मन में कोमल निरीहता श्रम-शीला?
निस्संबल होकर तिरती हूँ इस मानस की गहराई में,
चाहती नहीं जागरण कभी सपने की इस सुघराई में।
नारी जीवन की चित्र यही क्या? विकल रंग भर देती हो,
अस्फुट रेखा की सीमा में आकार कला को देती हो।
रुकती हूँ और ठहरती हूँ पर सोच-विचार न कर सकती,
पगली-सी कोई अंतर में बैठी जैसे अनुदित बकती।
मैं जभी तोलने का करती उपचार स्वयं तुल जाती हूँ,
भुजलता फँसा कर नर-तरु से झूले-सी झोंके खाती हूँ।
इस अर्पण में कुछ और नहीं केवल उत्सर्ग छलकता है,
मैं दे दूँ और न फिर कुछ लूँ, इतना ही सरल झलकता है।
"क्या कहती हो ठहरो नारी! संकल्प-अश्रु जल से अपने -
तुम दान कर चुकी पहले ही जीवन के सोने-से सपने।
नारी! तुम केवल श्रद्धा हो विश्वास-रजत-नग पगतल में,
पीयूष-स्रोत बहा करो जीवन के सुंदर समतल में।
देवों की विजय, दानवों की हारों का होता युद्ध रहा,
संघर्ष सदा उर-अंतर में जीवित रह नित्य-विरुद्ध रहा।
आँसू से भींगे अंचल पर मन का सब कुछ रखना होगा -
तुमको अपनी स्मित रेखा से यह संधिपत्र लिखना होगा।"
- जयशंकर प्रसाद
('लज्जा' परिच्छेद)
कोमल किसलय के अंचल में नन्हीं कलिका ज्यों छिपती-सी,
गोधुली के धूमिल पट में दीपक के स्वर में दिपती-सी।
मंजुल स्वप्नओं की विस्मृति में मन का उन्माद निखरता ज्यों -
सुरभित लहरों की छाया में बुल्ले का विभव बिखरता ज्यों -
वैसी ही माया से लिपटी अधरों पर उँगली धरे हुए,
माधव के सरस कुतूहल का आँखों में पानी भरे हुए।
नीरव निशीथ में लतिका-सी तुम कौन आ रही हो बढ़ती?
कोमल-बाहें फैलाये-सी आलिंगन का जादू पढ़ती!
किन इंद्रजाल के फूलों से लेकर सुहाग-कण राग-भरे,
सिर नीचा कर हो गूँथ रही माला जिससे मधु धार ढरे?
पुलकित कदंब की माला-सी पहना देती हो अन्तर में,
झुक जाती है मन की डाली अपनी फलभरता के डर में।
वरदान सदृश हो डाल रही नीली किरनों से बुना हुआ,
यह अंचल कितना हल्का-सा कितना सौरभ से सना हुआ।
सब अंग मोम से बनते हैं कोमलता में बल खाती हूँ,
मैं सिमट रही-सी अपने में परिहास-गीत सुन पाती हूँ।
स्मित बन जाती है तरल हँसी नयनों में भर कर बाँकपना,
प्रत्यक्ष देखती हूँ सब जो वह बनता जाता है सपना।
मेरे सपनों में कलरव का संसार आँख जब खोल रहा,
अनुराग समीरों पर तिरता था इतराता-सा डोल रहा।
अभिलाषा अपने यौवन में उठती उस सुख के स्वागत को,
जीवन भर के बल-वैभव से सत्कृत करती दूरागत को।
किरनों की रज्जु समेट लिया जिसका अवलम्बन ले चढ़ती,
रस के निर्झर में धँस कर मैं आनन्द-शिखर के प्रति बढ़ती।
छूने में हिचक, देखने में पलकें आँखों पर झुकती हैं,
कलरव परिहास भरी गूँजें अधरों तक सहसा रुकती हैं।
संकेत कर रही रोमाली चुपचाप बरजाती खड़ी रही,
भाषा बन भौहों की काली रेखा-सी भ्रम में पड़ी रही।
तुम कौन! हृदय की परवशता? सारी स्वतंत्रता छीन रही,
स्वच्छंद सुमन जो खिले रहे जीवन-वन से हो बीन रही!"
संध्या की लाली में हँसती, उसका ही आश्रय लेती-सी,
छाया प्रतिमा गुनगुना उठी, श्रद्धा का उत्तर देती-सी।
"इतना न चमकृत हो बाले! अपने मन का उपकार करो,
मैं एक पकड़ हूँ जो कहती ठहरो कुछ सोच-विचार करो।
अंबर-चुंबी हिम-श्रृंगों से कलरव कोलाहल साथ लिये,
विद्युत की प्राणमयी धारा बहती जिसमें उन्माद लिये।
मंगल कुंकुम की श्री जिसमें निखरी हो ऊषा की लाली,
भोला सुहाग इठलाता हो ऐसा हो जिसमें हरियाली,
हो नयनों का कल्याण बना आनन्द सुमन-सा विकसा हो,
वासंती के वन-वैभव में जिसका पंचमस्वर पिक-सा हो,
जो गूँज उठे फिर नस-नस में मूर्छना समान मचलता-सा,
आँखों के साँचे में आकर रमणीय रूप बन ढलता-सा,
नयनों की नीलम की घाटी जिस रस घन से छा जाती हो,
वह कौंध कि जिससे अन्तर की शीतलता ठंढक पाती हो,
हिल्लोल भरा हो ऋतुपति का गोधुली की सी ममता हो,
जागरण प्रात-सा हँसता हो जिसमें मध्याह्न निखरता हो,
हो चकित निकल आई सहसा जो अपने प्राची के घर से,
उस नवल चंद्रिका-से बिछले जो मानस की लहरों पर से,
फूलों की कोमल पंखड़ियाँ बिखरें जिसके अभिनन्दन में,
मकरंद मिलाती हों अपना स्वागत के कुंकुम चन्दन में,
कोमल किसलय मर्मर-रव-से जिसका जयघोष सुनाते हों,
जिसमें दुःख सुख मिलकर मन के उत्सव आनंद मनाते हों,
उज्जवल वरदान चेतना का सौन्दर्य्य जिसे सब कहते हैं,
जिसमें अनंत अभिलाषा के सपने सब जगते रहते हैं।
मैं उसई चपल की धात्री हूँ, गौरव महिमा हूँ सिखलाती,
ठोकर जो लगने वाली है उसको धीरे से समझाती,
मैं देव-सृष्टि की रति-रानी निज पंचबाण से वंचित हो,
बन आवर्जना-मूर्ति दीना अपनी अतृप्ति-सी संचित हो,
अवशिष्ट रह गईं अनुभव में अपनी अतीत असफलता-सी,
लीला विलास की खेद-भरी अवसादमयी श्रम-दलिता-सी,
मैं रति की प्रतिकृति लज्जा हूँ मैं शालीनता सिखाती हूँ,
मतवाली सुन्दरता पग में नूपुर सी लिपट मनाती हूँ,
लाली बन सरल कपोलों में आँखों में अंजन सी लगती,
कुंचित अलकों सी घुँघराली मन की मरोर बनकर जगती,
चंचल किशोर सुन्दरता की मैं करती रहती रखवाली,
मैं वह हलकी सी मसलन हूँ जो बनती कानों की लाली।"
"हाँ, ठीक, परन्तु बताओगी मेरे जीवन का पथ क्या है?
इस निविड़ निशा में संसृति की आलोकमयी रेखा क्या है?
यह आज समझ तो पाई हूँ मैं दुर्बलता में नारी हूँ,
अवयव की सुन्दर कोमलता लेकर मैं सबसे हारी हूँ।
पर मन भी क्यों इतना ढीला अपने ही होता जाता है,
घनश्याम-खंड-सी आँखों में क्यों सहसा जल भर आता है?
सर्वस्व-समर्पण करने की विश्वास-महा-तरु-छाया में,
चुपचाप पड़ी रहने की क्यों ममता जगती हैं माया में?
छायापथ में तारक-द्युति सी झिलमिल करने की मधु-लीला,
अभिनय करती क्यों इस मन में कोमल निरीहता श्रम-शीला?
निस्संबल होकर तिरती हूँ इस मानस की गहराई में,
चाहती नहीं जागरण कभी सपने की इस सुघराई में।
नारी जीवन की चित्र यही क्या? विकल रंग भर देती हो,
अस्फुट रेखा की सीमा में आकार कला को देती हो।
रुकती हूँ और ठहरती हूँ पर सोच-विचार न कर सकती,
पगली-सी कोई अंतर में बैठी जैसे अनुदित बकती।
मैं जभी तोलने का करती उपचार स्वयं तुल जाती हूँ,
भुजलता फँसा कर नर-तरु से झूले-सी झोंके खाती हूँ।
इस अर्पण में कुछ और नहीं केवल उत्सर्ग छलकता है,
मैं दे दूँ और न फिर कुछ लूँ, इतना ही सरल झलकता है।
"क्या कहती हो ठहरो नारी! संकल्प-अश्रु जल से अपने -
तुम दान कर चुकी पहले ही जीवन के सोने-से सपने।
नारी! तुम केवल श्रद्धा हो विश्वास-रजत-नग पगतल में,
पीयूष-स्रोत बहा करो जीवन के सुंदर समतल में।
देवों की विजय, दानवों की हारों का होता युद्ध रहा,
संघर्ष सदा उर-अंतर में जीवित रह नित्य-विरुद्ध रहा।
आँसू से भींगे अंचल पर मन का सब कुछ रखना होगा -
तुमको अपनी स्मित रेखा से यह संधिपत्र लिखना होगा।"
- जयशंकर प्रसाद
crossover cinema
Crossover cinema, a term used to define a film, which initially is targeted for a narrow specialty market, but later, achieves acceptance in a wider market. The credit of course goes to director Gurinder Chadha who debuted with her much-acclaimed film Bhaji on the Beach in 1993. This was the beginning of crossover cinema. Nagesh Kuknoor gave it a stroke with Hyderabad Blues in 1998.
Soon followed the film, Monsoon Wedding, a bona fide success story, which earned $14 million in the States. While Monsoon Wedding includes a little singing and a little dancing, it's largely a family melodrama whose musical moments remain firmly rooted inside a naturalistic world, rather than the fantastical, kitschy universe that invades the typical Bollywood narrative. (It's also mostly financed by the Independent Film Channel.) The same goes for international co-productions such as The Guru -- and to a lesser extent Bend it like Beckham -- which borrow from Bollywood without being Bollywood.
American audiences got their first true taste of genuine movie-masala with Lagaan, the Oscar nominated four-hour crowd-pleaser about a cricket match rivalry between Indian locals and British colonialists. The film made about $29,000 in States Devdas, an epic about a forbidden low-caste-high-caste romance, which was the first most expensive crossover film ever made in India, Devdas broke opening box office records at Cannes.
The growth of the Crossover films is evident from the fact that the Indian audience is a rapidly growing market in
North America, filled with avid filmgoers raised on Bollywood product. Recent U.S. census figures put the Indian population at 1.9 million. That's a healthy number of tickets, but compared to other minorities, such as Hispanic (31.3 million) or Chinese (2.7 million), the figure is relatively small.
Around the world, comparably, the market for Hindi films is strong. A recent article in news daily set the overseas value at $50 million a year, with Bollywood product selling well in the U.S., the Middle East, the U.K., Canada, Australia, New Zealand, South Africa, Singapore, and several other locales.
Crossover movies and crossover audience have led to the acceptance of the small budget movies in the global market and have opened new streams and sources of revenue for them. This explains why U.S. companies and Indian big banners have recently joined the Bollywood fray. 20th Century Fox is producing its first Hindi feature There Was A Beautiful Girl and Marigold, a U.S-Indian co-production is being touted as the first Bollywood movie to be made by a U.S. director, Willard Carroll (Playing by Heart). The film, which will be shot in both English and Hindi, tells the story of a B-movie actress stranded in India who takes a job on a Bollywood musical, with the set-up allowing for musical numbers to be integrated American-style seamlessly into the narrative. Rakesh Roshans Kites is being made at a huge budget of 60 crore starring the Latino beauty Barbara Mori with Hrithik Roshan. Even though there's mimimal dialogue in the film, most of it is not Hindi but Spanish, French, Filipino and other dialects.
The growth of crossover films have became very prominent in Indian Cinema. This is an attempt to mirror the changing reality. In fact Indian cinema can even be said as maturing slowly. Though the future of these kinds of films can’t be predicted with certainty.It is however undeniable that crossover films are increasingly being accepted and liked globally
Soon followed the film, Monsoon Wedding, a bona fide success story, which earned $14 million in the States. While Monsoon Wedding includes a little singing and a little dancing, it's largely a family melodrama whose musical moments remain firmly rooted inside a naturalistic world, rather than the fantastical, kitschy universe that invades the typical Bollywood narrative. (It's also mostly financed by the Independent Film Channel.) The same goes for international co-productions such as The Guru -- and to a lesser extent Bend it like Beckham -- which borrow from Bollywood without being Bollywood.
American audiences got their first true taste of genuine movie-masala with Lagaan, the Oscar nominated four-hour crowd-pleaser about a cricket match rivalry between Indian locals and British colonialists. The film made about $29,000 in States Devdas, an epic about a forbidden low-caste-high-caste romance, which was the first most expensive crossover film ever made in India, Devdas broke opening box office records at Cannes.
The growth of the Crossover films is evident from the fact that the Indian audience is a rapidly growing market in
North America, filled with avid filmgoers raised on Bollywood product. Recent U.S. census figures put the Indian population at 1.9 million. That's a healthy number of tickets, but compared to other minorities, such as Hispanic (31.3 million) or Chinese (2.7 million), the figure is relatively small.
Around the world, comparably, the market for Hindi films is strong. A recent article in news daily set the overseas value at $50 million a year, with Bollywood product selling well in the U.S., the Middle East, the U.K., Canada, Australia, New Zealand, South Africa, Singapore, and several other locales.
Crossover movies and crossover audience have led to the acceptance of the small budget movies in the global market and have opened new streams and sources of revenue for them. This explains why U.S. companies and Indian big banners have recently joined the Bollywood fray. 20th Century Fox is producing its first Hindi feature There Was A Beautiful Girl and Marigold, a U.S-Indian co-production is being touted as the first Bollywood movie to be made by a U.S. director, Willard Carroll (Playing by Heart). The film, which will be shot in both English and Hindi, tells the story of a B-movie actress stranded in India who takes a job on a Bollywood musical, with the set-up allowing for musical numbers to be integrated American-style seamlessly into the narrative. Rakesh Roshans Kites is being made at a huge budget of 60 crore starring the Latino beauty Barbara Mori with Hrithik Roshan. Even though there's mimimal dialogue in the film, most of it is not Hindi but Spanish, French, Filipino and other dialects.
The growth of crossover films have became very prominent in Indian Cinema. This is an attempt to mirror the changing reality. In fact Indian cinema can even be said as maturing slowly. Though the future of these kinds of films can’t be predicted with certainty.It is however undeniable that crossover films are increasingly being accepted and liked globally
lovely song by rabbi sergill
Bulla Ki Jaana - Rabbi Shergill (Lyrics)
| Na maen momin vich maseet aan
| Not a believer inside the mosque, am I
|
Subscribe to:
Posts (Atom)